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发表于 2013-12-21 18:33:07
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来自: 中国陕西西安
中国医科大学附属盛京医院肿瘤科 韩琤波编译
ROS1受体酪氨酸激酶基因染色体重排是非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)一个分子亚型。在体外细胞实验ROS1基因重排可导致癌基因ROS1融合激酶的表达,以及增强对ROS激酶抑制剂的敏感性。crizotinib是一种小分子酪氨酸激酶(MET, ALK和ROS)抑制剂,本研究作者观察了crizotinib在ROS1重排NSCLC患者中的疗效和安全性。
方法和方案:ROS1基因重排采用break-apart FISH分析法检测,阳性患者口服crizotinib 250 mg BID。
结果:共有13例ROS1基因重排患者,中位年龄47岁;1/13例吸烟,所有患者都是腺癌组织类型;12/13例检测了ALK重排,皆为阴性。crizotinib治疗7-8周后再分期复查,ORR 54% (7/13),其中6例PR,1例CR,另有一例未确定的PR;8周疾病控制率(DCR)85% (11/13);药代动力学和安全谱与ALK阳性NSCLC治疗患者相似。
结论: Crizotinib在ROS1基因重排NSCLC中显示了非常明显的抗肿瘤活性。类似ALK, ROS可以鉴定出crizotinib治疗高度受益的一个NSCLC亚组人群。本研究是第一个证实ROS作为临床治疗靶点的有效性研究。
原文:Abstract No: 7508
J Clin Oncol 30, 2012 (suppl; abstr 7508)
Clinical activity of crizotinib in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring ROS1 gene rearrangement.
Abstract:
Background: Chromosomal rearrangements of the ROS1 receptor tyrosine kinase gene define a new molecular subset of NSCLC. In cell lines, ROS1 rearrangements lead to expression of oncogenic ROS1 fusion kinases and sensitivity to ROS kinase inhibition. We examined the efficacy and safety of crizotinib, a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor of MET, ALK and ROS, in patients with advanced, ROS1-rearranged NSCLC. Methods: Patients with advanced NSCLC harboring ROS1 rearrangement, as determined using a break-apart FISH assay, were recruited into an expansion cohort of a phase 1 study of crizotinib. Patients were treated with crizotinib at the standard oral dose of 250 mg BID. The objective response rate (ORR) was determined based on RECIST 1.0. The disease control rate (DCR; stable disease [SD] + partial response [PR] + complete response [CR]) was evaluated at 8 weeks. Results: Thirteen patients within the ROS expansion cohort received crizotinib and all were evaluable for response. The median age was 47 yrs (range 31–72), and all but one of the patients were never-smokers. All patients had adenocarcinoma histology. 12/13 patients were tested for ALK rearrangement and all were negative. The median number of prior treatments was 1 (range 0–3). To date, the ORR is 54% (7/13), with 6 PRs and 1 CR, with 6 responses achieved by the first restaging scan at 7–8 wks. There was 1 additional unconfirmed PR at the time of data cut-off. The DCR at 8 wks was 85% (11/13). Median duration of treatment was 20 wks (range 4+–59+). All responses are ongoing, and 12 patients continue on study. One patient had disease progression at first restaging and was discontinued from the study. The pharmacokinetics and safety profile of crizotinib in this group of patients were similar to that observed in patients with ALK-positive NSCLC. Conclusions: Crizotinib demonstrates marked antitumor activity in patients with advanced NSCLC harboring ROS1 rearrangements. Like ALK, ROS defines a distinct subpopulation of NSCLC patients for whom crizotinib therapy may be highly effective. This study represents the first clinical validation of ROS as a therapeutic target in cancer.
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