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mTOR抑制剂对于KRAS突变肺癌可能有效
发布: 2009-4-22 21:50 | 作者: 徐崇锐 | 来源: 肺癌信息网
正在召开的AACR上,一篇摘要报道了采用mTOR抑制剂deforolimus对于KRAS突变肺癌的体外和体内实验结果
Non-small cell lung tumors with activating KRAS mutations (>20%) typically do not respond well to EGFR inhibitors (e.g. erlotinib). To determine if deforolimus (AP23573; MK-8669), a small molecule inhibitor of mTOR, can treat mutant-KRAS lung cancer, the anti-tumor activity was assessed as a single agent or in combination with erlotinib in a number of in vitro and in vivo mutant-KRAS models. In a panel of 101 lung cancer cell-lines, deforolimus was more effective than erlotinib in 79% of all lines and 84% of the KRAS mutant lines. The combination of deforolimus + erlotinib was more efficacious than erlotinib alone in all lines tested and deforolimus exhibited considerable inhibitory activity in many mutant KRAS lines. The anti-tumor activity of deforolimus, erlotinib, and the combination was assessed in three mutant KRAS xenograft models. Deforolimus and erlotinib single agent therapies were also tested in a wild-type KRAS xenograft model. Deforolimus had considerable anti-tumor activity in all models, at clinically relevant doses. Erlotinib was not efficacious in any of the mutant KRAS models, yet displayed strong activity against wild-type KRAS tumors, consistent with clinical observations that KRAS-mutant cancers are generally refractory to erlotinib therapy. The combination of deforolimus + erlotinib demonstrated benefit relative to single agent activity in one model while a benefit trend was observed in the other two mutant KRAS models. The majority of the anti-tumor activity of the combination was driven by deforolimus in all cases. Deforolimus was further evaluated in a genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) of mutant KRAS lung cancer. Mice with lung-specific expression of K-rasG12D and Trp53R270H point mutant alleles (from the T. Jacks laboratory, MIT) were exposed to adenoviral-Cre to induce mutant KRAS-driven lung tumors. Mice with established lung tumor burden were treated for 4 weeks with deforolimus. Total lung tumor burden in vehicle-treated mice, as measured by CT, increased over the dosing period, whereas mice that received deforolimus exhibited a significant decrease in CT signal. Importantly, histologic assessment of tumor burden highly correlated with CT results. Consistent with previous reports, chronic mTOR inhibition also reduced the number of inflammatory macrophages within the lung. In conclusion, Deforolimus exhibited growth inhibitory activity against preclinical models of NSCLC with and without activating mutations in KRAS. Notably, deforolimus was active against three erlotinib-resistant, KRAS-mutant xenograft models as well as a GEMM of KRAS-mutant lung cancer. The strong single agent activity of deforolimus in these models provides a rationale for testing the therapeutic activity of deforolimus in patients with KRAS-mutant lung tumors, for whom few treatment options currently exist. |
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